KMID : 1025520210630061397
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Journal of Animal Science and Technology 2021 Volume.63 No. 6 p.1397 ~ p.1410
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All-trans retinoic acid alters the expression of adipogenic genes during the differentiation of bovine intramuscular and subcutaneous adipocytes
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Chung Ki-Yong
Kim Jong-Kyoo Johnson Bradley J.
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Abstract
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The present study was designed to determine the influence of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on adipogenesis-related gene regulation in bovine intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC) adipose cells during differentiation. Bovine IM and SC adipocytes were isolated from three 19-mo-old, crossbred steers. Adipogenic differentiation was induced upon cultured IM and SC preadipocytes with various doses (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 ¥ìM) of ATRA. After 96 h of incubation, cells were harvested and used to measure the gene expression of CCAAT/Enhancer binding protein ¥â (C/EBP¥â), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) ¥ã, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD), and Smad transcription factor 3 (Smad3) relative to the quantity of ribosomal protein subunit 9 (RPS 9). Retinoic acid receptor (RAR) antagonist also tested to identify the effect of ATRA on PPAR¥ã -RAR related gene expression in IM cells. The addition of ATRA to bovine IM decreased (p < 0.05) expression of PPAR¥ã. The expression of PPAR¥ã was also tended to be downregulated (p < 0.1) in high levels (10 ¥ìM) of ATRA treatment in SC cells. The treatment of RAR antagonist increased the expression of PPAR¥ã in IM cells. Expression of C/EBP¥â decreased (p < 0.05) in SC, but no change was observed in IM (p > 0.05). Increasing levels of ATRA may block adipogenic differentiation via transcriptional regulation of PPAR¥ã. The efficacy of ATRA treatment in adipose cells may vary depending on the location.
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KEYWORD
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Bovine intramuscular adipose tissue, Marbling, Retinoic acid receptor antagonist
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